Valley network branching angles suggest that Mars' ancient hydrology was not dominated by groundwater flow.
Unraveling the juxtaposition of old groundwater and young streamflow is key to understanding hydrological processes, biogeochemical cycles, and contaminant transport.
High-frequency measurements of solutes and isotopes in precipitation and streamwater are used to study streamflow generation mechanisms.
Climate leaves its characteristic watermark in the branching geometry of stream networks.
The exchange between the biosphere and the atmosphere has profound impacts on processes linked to the land-surface.